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The University of Liverpool is one of the top UK universities, member of the prestigious Russell Group of 24 leading UK universities.

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The Worlds of Journalism Study is a cross-national collaborative project assessing the state of journalism in the world through representative surveys with journalists.

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UNESCO is the lead UN Agency for promoting freedom of expression and safety of journalists as part of its mandate to “promote the free flow of ideas by word and image”.

Edward L. Carter

Professor of Communications at Brigham Young University

Combating impunity transitional justice in journalist attacks

I focus on legal and policy approaches to combating impunity in attacks on journalists. I am interested in the application of existing international human rights law institutions and concepts, such as transitional justice, to the problem of attacks on journalists.


Definition of journalists' safety

The ability to conduct journalistic activities in a social, political and legal environment where societal commitment and the rule of law guarantee that physical and non-physical attacks on journalists will be addressed promptly, fairly and completely through investigation, prosecution, reparations, truth-telling and guarantees of non-recurrence.

Future plans for research on journalists' safety

This year I am publishing an article in the University of Chicago Law School's Journal of International Law on the application of transitional justice to journalist safety.
Research focuses:
Legal, Physical
Methods used in research:
Legal analysis
Countries of research focus:
Central America and the Caribbean, South America

Areas interested in collaborating with NGOs

Any area within my expertise

Areas interested in collaborating with other researchers

Any area within my expertise
Edward L. Carter

Edward L. Carter