UNESCO is the lead UN Agency for promoting freedom of expression and safety of journalists as part of its mandate to “promote the free flow of ideas by word and image”.
Understanding Journalist Safety in Denmark
Denmark’s ranking reaffirms the findings of other organizations, such as the World Press Freedom Index by Reporters Without Borders, which consistently places Denmark among the countries with the highest levels of press freedom. The vast majority of respondents reported never experiencing physical attacks, arrests, surveillance, or legal actions. The country also scores highly on digital safety. Its high level of democratic freedom, strong public service tradition, robust unions, and high levels of public trust in the media likely contribute to this top ranking compared to other countries worldwide. However, it’s important to note that these scores reflect the general experiences of the journalism population as a whole. Beneath this overall positive ranking, there are specific issues that should not be overlooked when discussing the safety of Danish journalists. Over the past decade, Danish women have spoken out publicly about sexual harassment within the media industry. The country also witnessed the tragic murder of journalist Kim Wall in 2017, and more recently, a former minister and an intelligence official have been charged with leaking state secrets to journalists, putting the relation between journalists and sources under pressure. Financial uncertainty, mental wellbeing, and exposure to hate speech remain areas of concern regarding the safety of journalists in Denmark. While Denmark is considered one of the safest countries in the world in terms of financial security for journalists, this does not mean financial concerns are absent. More than 30% of respondents expressed worries about job security and financial stability. Similarly, nearly 30% voiced concerns about their mental wellbeing. This is accompanied by a significant share of journalists who have experienced intimidation, public discrediting, and hate speech.
Safety Dimensions
This radar chart displays how the country performs across all four safety dimensions, revealing areas of strength and concern.
Gender Safety Gap
This comparison highlights differences in safety experiences between male and female journalists, revealing potential gender-based disparities.
Physical Safety
The physical dimension carries 50% weight in the safety index. Read the methodology in full.
Journalist Killings (35% weight in physical dimension)
This figure represents the total number of journalist killings in Denmark between 2016 and 2024.
Data sourced from UNESCO Observatory of Killed Journalists.
Note: This indicator carries 35% of the weight within the physical dimension of the Safety Index, making it the most significant factor in this category.
Responses to: "I am concerned about my physical wellbeing" (20% weight in physical dimension)
Responses to: "In the last five years, how often have you experienced any of the following actions related to your work as a journalist?"
Arrests, detentions or imprisonment (15% weight in physical dimension)
Sexual assault or sexual harassment (15% weight in physical dimension)
Other physical attacks (15% weight in physical dimension)
Abductions (did not contribute to calculation)
Office raids or seizures or damage of equipment (did not contribute to calculation)
Being required to work in an environment where COVID-19 had easily spread (did not contribute to calculation)
Psychological Safety
The psychological dimension carries 25% weight in the safety index. Read the methodology in full.
Responses to: "I am concerned about my emotional wellbeing" (20% weight in psychological dimension)
Responses to: "In the last five years, how often have you experienced any of the following actions related to your work as a journalist?"
Demeaning or hateful speech directed at you (16% weight in psychological dimension)
Public discrediting of your work (16% weight in psychological dimension)
Legal actions against you because of your work (16% weight in psychological dimension)
Stalking (16% weight in psychological dimension)
Other threats or intimidation directed at you (16% weight in psychological dimension)
Coercion (did not contribute to calculation)
Questioning of your personal morality (did not contribute to calculation)
Workplace bullying (did not contribute to calculation)
Intimidation that targets your family or close associates (did not contribute to calculation)
Digital Safety
The digital dimension carries 12.5% weight in the safety index. Read the methodology in full.
Responses to: "In the last five years, how often have you experienced any of the following actions related to your work as a journalist?"
Surveillance (50% weight in digital dimension)
Hacking or blocking of social media accounts or websites (50% weight in digital dimension)
Others using your byline for fabricated or manipulated stories (did not contribute to calculation)
Others disseminating your personal information (did not contribute to calculation)
Financial Safety
The financial dimension carries 12.5% weight in the safety index. Read the methodology in full.
Responses to: "I am worried about losing my job in journalism within the next 12 months" (20% weight in financial dimension)
Responses to: "Which of the following categories best describes your current working situation as a journalist?" (20% weight in financial dimension)
Responses to "Approximately what percentage of your overall work-related income comes from your work as a journalist?" (20% weight in financial dimension)
Responses to: "How many hours a week on average do you work as a journalist?" (20% weight in financial dimension)
Responses to: "In which of the following categories does your salary as a journalist fall?" (20% weight in financial dimension)
Demographics
This section contains demographic information about survey respondents from Denmark.
Coming soon
Demographic information about survey respondents will be available in a future update.